System: Gastrointestinal

Haemorrhoids (ID: 5442)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Ritual /Ceremonial Ritual

      Hang leaves on the patient as a good luck charm.

    • Oral Health Analgesic

      1.Cook raw leaves & rinse mouth out with the water.
      2.Chew raw leaves.

    • Mental health Anti-depressant, Anti-psychotic

      Hang leaves on the patient as a good luck charm.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-haemorrhoidal

      Grind leaves & aerial parts & apply as poultice to affected area.

    • Dermatological Anti-Infective

      Grind leaves & aerial parts & apply as poultice to affected area.

    • Dermatological Anti-acne, Anti-fungal, Scabicide

      Apply milky juice of the plant to skin.

    • Dermatological Antiseptic

      1. Use juice of the plant, as a salve
      2. Decoct plant in water & use as a hot compress locally.

Gastric ulcer (ID: 1256)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Wound Healing Vulnerary

      1. Grind roasted seeds & spread directly on burn. (B)
      2. Prepare dough from Hordeum flour & apply to burn. (Z)

    • Surgical/ Trauma Anti-Infective

      Decoct grain & drink.

    • Opthalmic Anti-inflammatory

      Preparation/ Admin. not specified.

    • Nervous system Analgesic

      Prepare bread loaf from Hordeum flour + "bizr kitan" (Linum sp.); slice in half while hot & use as hot compress on head.

    • Musculoskeletal/ joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      This recipe is in 2 parts A & B: A. Prepare dough of ground hordeum flour + vinegar + coriander & apply to painful area. (Helpful especially if pain is accompanied by fever). If this is unhelpful then prepare B. B. Grind lentils (Lens culinaris)+ burnt, ground sheep bones + Coriandrum + Colchicum luteum + Terminalia chebula peel & eat for three days. After this extract "kusani" (? Cichorium sp. ) & drink x1 cup of conc. extract every evening.

    • Musculoskeletal/ joints Vulnerary

      Cook Hordeum straw in water in closed pot & hold affected limb over steam for few minutes; on removal immediately rebreak bone with a light tap.

    • Mental Health Anxiolytic

      Mix grain + honey + "washaj" (gum resin of Dorema ammoniacum/ gum ammoniac). (Admin.not specified.).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-inflammatory, Demulcent

      1.Decoct seeds & drink x1 cup on an empty stomach mornings. (B)
      2. Decoct grain & drink. (Z)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Cook grains in water & drink/

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      1. Mix black species of Hordeum. vulgare + "lubiya" or cowpea (Vigna unguiculate). (Admin not specified.) (Z)
      2. Boil Hordeum grains for a long time + husks of " tzalaqot tiras" (female inflorescence of maize/ corn); add sugar & drink. (Z)
      3. Decoct seeds & drink x1 cup on an empty stomach mornings. (B)

    • General Anti-hydropic

      Cook grains + rosemary (Rosmarinus sp.) (Admin. not specified.)

    • General Anti-pyretic

      Decoct grains & drink.

    • General Refrigerant

      Cook grains in water & drink.

    • General Anti-hydropic

      Cook grains in water & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-ulcer

      Decoct grains & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook grains + "najil" (Cynodon dactylon) in water & drink.

    • Endocrine/ Metabolic Hypoglycemic

      Prepare hordeum flour & eat

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Cook grain in water, gargle while hot & spit out.

    • Dermatological Vulnerary

      Cook seeds of "turmus" (Lupinus termis) in water & use water to prepare a dough with Hordeum flour; bandage affected area with dough.

    • Dermatological Anti-pruritic

      Grind grains, wet with "leben" (yoghurt) & apply to affected area.

Pain/ cramps in stomach & digestive tract (ID: 3240)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Haematology Anti-anaemic

      Cook aerial parts & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-spasmodic, Carminative

      Decoct fruit in water & drink x3 glasses/day.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-Infective, Anti-diarrheal, Depurative

      Decoct fruit in water & drink x3 glasses/day.

Diarrhea & intestinal cleanser (ID: 3239)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Haematology Anti-anaemic

      Cook aerial parts & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-spasmodic, Carminative

      Decoct fruit in water & drink x3 glasses/day.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-Infective, Anti-diarrheal, Depurative

      Decoct fruit in water & drink x3 glasses/day.

Gastric pain (ID: 1271)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Wound Healing Vulnerary

      1. Grind roasted seeds & spread directly on burn. (B)
      2. Prepare dough from Hordeum flour & apply to burn. (Z)

    • Surgical/ Trauma Anti-Infective

      Decoct grain & drink.

    • Opthalmic Anti-inflammatory

      Preparation/ Admin. not specified.

    • Nervous system Analgesic

      Prepare bread loaf from Hordeum flour + "bizr kitan" (Linum sp.); slice in half while hot & use as hot compress on head.

    • Musculoskeletal/ joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      This recipe is in 2 parts A & B: A. Prepare dough of ground hordeum flour + vinegar + coriander & apply to painful area. (Helpful especially if pain is accompanied by fever). If this is unhelpful then prepare B. B. Grind lentils (Lens culinaris)+ burnt, ground sheep bones + Coriandrum + Colchicum luteum + Terminalia chebula peel & eat for three days. After this extract "kusani" (? Cichorium sp. ) & drink x1 cup of conc. extract every evening.

    • Musculoskeletal/ joints Vulnerary

      Cook Hordeum straw in water in closed pot & hold affected limb over steam for few minutes; on removal immediately rebreak bone with a light tap.

    • Mental Health Anxiolytic

      Mix grain + honey + "washaj" (gum resin of Dorema ammoniacum/ gum ammoniac). (Admin.not specified.).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-inflammatory, Demulcent

      1.Decoct seeds & drink x1 cup on an empty stomach mornings. (B)
      2. Decoct grain & drink. (Z)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Cook grains in water & drink/

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      1. Mix black species of Hordeum. vulgare + "lubiya" or cowpea (Vigna unguiculate). (Admin not specified.) (Z)
      2. Boil Hordeum grains for a long time + husks of " tzalaqot tiras" (female inflorescence of maize/ corn); add sugar & drink. (Z)
      3. Decoct seeds & drink x1 cup on an empty stomach mornings. (B)

    • General Anti-hydropic

      Cook grains + rosemary (Rosmarinus sp.) (Admin. not specified.)

    • General Anti-pyretic

      Decoct grains & drink.

    • General Refrigerant

      Cook grains in water & drink.

    • General Anti-hydropic

      Cook grains in water & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Anti-ulcer

      Decoct grains & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook grains + "najil" (Cynodon dactylon) in water & drink.

    • Endocrine/ Metabolic Hypoglycemic

      Prepare hordeum flour & eat

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Cook grain in water, gargle while hot & spit out.

    • Dermatological Vulnerary

      Cook seeds of "turmus" (Lupinus termis) in water & use water to prepare a dough with Hordeum flour; bandage affected area with dough.

    • Dermatological Anti-pruritic

      Grind grains, wet with "leben" (yoghurt) & apply to affected area.

Constipation (ID: 5409)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Smoking Cigarette

      Add powdered root to tobacco.

    • Respiratory Anti-Infective, Anti-tussive, Demulcent

      1. Soak root in water for few days, filter & drink x3 glasses/day. (Z)
      2. Soak root in water + carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua) & drink the water. (Z)
      3. Prepare from root a thick juice or jam (+ other fruits) & drink or suck. (Z)
      4. Cough only: Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. (B) Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.).

    • Respiratory Anti-asthmatic

      Boil x3 tablespoons dried roots in 3 cups water for 5 mins & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Anti-gum disease

      1. Simmer 200 gm roots in 1 L of water for 20 min, leave 15 min, filter & drink as needed.
      2. Use above as mouth rinse x2/day. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Lubricant

      Simmer 200 gm leaves in 1L water for 20 min, stand 15 min, filter & apply to cracked lips x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Mouth wash

      Chew root after eating.

    • Nervous System Analgesic

      Soak root in water for few days & drink as needed.

    • Musculoskeletal/ Joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      Grind ? teaspoon of roots, boil in water & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-Infective

      Boil ground roots in water & drink 1 cup x 2-3/day. Can add equal quantity of fennel. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups/day.

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1 cup/day as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • General Anti-inflammatory

      Soak root in water for few days & drink x4 glasses /day.

    • Gastrointestinal Antacid

      1. Chew root.
      2. Suck candy made from root.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook root in water & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      Use root. Can also add aloe & "sanamakki" (Senna alexandrina). (Preparation/ Admin. not specified.)

    • Gastrointestinal Hepatic

      Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. Do NOT exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS)

    • Gastrointestinal Emetic

      Prepare concentrated extract from root & rhizome & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      1. Boil 40 gm roots in water + 40 gm sulfur + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), sweeten + sugar & drink x1 tablespoon evenings as needed.
      2. Boil 40gm roots in water + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), filter, sweeten + sugar & drink 1 teaspoon/day as needed.
      3. Soak stems in hot water, filter, sweeten + sugar & drink x1 cup/day as needed.
      4. Mix equal amounts of licorice seeds + seeds of senna (Senna alexandrina), anise (Anisum vulgare ), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); add x1 teaspoon of mixture to 1 cup boiling water & drink multiple doses as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Boil ? teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 5 min & drink x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Expectorant

      Soak root in cold water & drink water.

    • Cardiovascular Hypotensive

      1. Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups /day.
      2. Grind roots & eat x1 teaspoon /day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

Liver problems (ID: 5406)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Smoking Cigarette

      Add powdered root to tobacco.

    • Respiratory Anti-Infective, Anti-tussive, Demulcent

      1. Soak root in water for few days, filter & drink x3 glasses/day. (Z)
      2. Soak root in water + carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua) & drink the water. (Z)
      3. Prepare from root a thick juice or jam (+ other fruits) & drink or suck. (Z)
      4. Cough only: Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. (B) Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.).

    • Respiratory Anti-asthmatic

      Boil x3 tablespoons dried roots in 3 cups water for 5 mins & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Anti-gum disease

      1. Simmer 200 gm roots in 1 L of water for 20 min, leave 15 min, filter & drink as needed.
      2. Use above as mouth rinse x2/day. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Lubricant

      Simmer 200 gm leaves in 1L water for 20 min, stand 15 min, filter & apply to cracked lips x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Mouth wash

      Chew root after eating.

    • Nervous System Analgesic

      Soak root in water for few days & drink as needed.

    • Musculoskeletal/ Joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      Grind ? teaspoon of roots, boil in water & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-Infective

      Boil ground roots in water & drink 1 cup x 2-3/day. Can add equal quantity of fennel. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups/day.

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1 cup/day as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • General Anti-inflammatory

      Soak root in water for few days & drink x4 glasses /day.

    • Gastrointestinal Antacid

      1. Chew root.
      2. Suck candy made from root.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook root in water & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      Use root. Can also add aloe & "sanamakki" (Senna alexandrina). (Preparation/ Admin. not specified.)

    • Gastrointestinal Hepatic

      Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. Do NOT exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS)

    • Gastrointestinal Emetic

      Prepare concentrated extract from root & rhizome & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      1. Boil 40 gm roots in water + 40 gm sulfur + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), sweeten + sugar & drink x1 tablespoon evenings as needed.
      2. Boil 40gm roots in water + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), filter, sweeten + sugar & drink 1 teaspoon/day as needed.
      3. Soak stems in hot water, filter, sweeten + sugar & drink x1 cup/day as needed.
      4. Mix equal amounts of licorice seeds + seeds of senna (Senna alexandrina), anise (Anisum vulgare ), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); add x1 teaspoon of mixture to 1 cup boiling water & drink multiple doses as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Boil ? teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 5 min & drink x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Expectorant

      Soak root in cold water & drink water.

    • Cardiovascular Hypotensive

      1. Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups /day.
      2. Grind roots & eat x1 teaspoon /day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

Induce vomiting (ID: 3229)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Smoking Cigarette

      Add powdered root to tobacco.

    • Respiratory Anti-Infective, Anti-tussive, Demulcent

      1. Soak root in water for few days, filter & drink x3 glasses/day. (Z)
      2. Soak root in water + carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua) & drink the water. (Z)
      3. Prepare from root a thick juice or jam (+ other fruits) & drink or suck. (Z)
      4. Cough only: Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. (B) Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.).

    • Respiratory Anti-asthmatic

      Boil x3 tablespoons dried roots in 3 cups water for 5 mins & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Anti-gum disease

      1. Simmer 200 gm roots in 1 L of water for 20 min, leave 15 min, filter & drink as needed.
      2. Use above as mouth rinse x2/day. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Lubricant

      Simmer 200 gm leaves in 1L water for 20 min, stand 15 min, filter & apply to cracked lips x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Mouth wash

      Chew root after eating.

    • Nervous System Analgesic

      Soak root in water for few days & drink as needed.

    • Musculoskeletal/ Joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      Grind ? teaspoon of roots, boil in water & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-Infective

      Boil ground roots in water & drink 1 cup x 2-3/day. Can add equal quantity of fennel. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups/day.

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1 cup/day as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • General Anti-inflammatory

      Soak root in water for few days & drink x4 glasses /day.

    • Gastrointestinal Antacid

      1. Chew root.
      2. Suck candy made from root.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook root in water & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      Use root. Can also add aloe & "sanamakki" (Senna alexandrina). (Preparation/ Admin. not specified.)

    • Gastrointestinal Hepatic

      Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. Do NOT exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS)

    • Gastrointestinal Emetic

      Prepare concentrated extract from root & rhizome & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      1. Boil 40 gm roots in water + 40 gm sulfur + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), sweeten + sugar & drink x1 tablespoon evenings as needed.
      2. Boil 40gm roots in water + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), filter, sweeten + sugar & drink 1 teaspoon/day as needed.
      3. Soak stems in hot water, filter, sweeten + sugar & drink x1 cup/day as needed.
      4. Mix equal amounts of licorice seeds + seeds of senna (Senna alexandrina), anise (Anisum vulgare ), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); add x1 teaspoon of mixture to 1 cup boiling water & drink multiple doses as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Boil ? teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 5 min & drink x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Expectorant

      Soak root in cold water & drink water.

    • Cardiovascular Hypotensive

      1. Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups /day.
      2. Grind roots & eat x1 teaspoon /day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

Stomach ache (ID: 3228)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Smoking Cigarette

      Add powdered root to tobacco.

    • Respiratory Anti-Infective, Anti-tussive, Demulcent

      1. Soak root in water for few days, filter & drink x3 glasses/day. (Z)
      2. Soak root in water + carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua) & drink the water. (Z)
      3. Prepare from root a thick juice or jam (+ other fruits) & drink or suck. (Z)
      4. Cough only: Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. (B) Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.).

    • Respiratory Anti-asthmatic

      Boil x3 tablespoons dried roots in 3 cups water for 5 mins & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Anti-gum disease

      1. Simmer 200 gm roots in 1 L of water for 20 min, leave 15 min, filter & drink as needed.
      2. Use above as mouth rinse x2/day. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Lubricant

      Simmer 200 gm leaves in 1L water for 20 min, stand 15 min, filter & apply to cracked lips x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Mouth wash

      Chew root after eating.

    • Nervous System Analgesic

      Soak root in water for few days & drink as needed.

    • Musculoskeletal/ Joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      Grind ? teaspoon of roots, boil in water & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-Infective

      Boil ground roots in water & drink 1 cup x 2-3/day. Can add equal quantity of fennel. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups/day.

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1 cup/day as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • General Anti-inflammatory

      Soak root in water for few days & drink x4 glasses /day.

    • Gastrointestinal Antacid

      1. Chew root.
      2. Suck candy made from root.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook root in water & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      Use root. Can also add aloe & "sanamakki" (Senna alexandrina). (Preparation/ Admin. not specified.)

    • Gastrointestinal Hepatic

      Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. Do NOT exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS)

    • Gastrointestinal Emetic

      Prepare concentrated extract from root & rhizome & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      1. Boil 40 gm roots in water + 40 gm sulfur + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), sweeten + sugar & drink x1 tablespoon evenings as needed.
      2. Boil 40gm roots in water + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), filter, sweeten + sugar & drink 1 teaspoon/day as needed.
      3. Soak stems in hot water, filter, sweeten + sugar & drink x1 cup/day as needed.
      4. Mix equal amounts of licorice seeds + seeds of senna (Senna alexandrina), anise (Anisum vulgare ), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); add x1 teaspoon of mixture to 1 cup boiling water & drink multiple doses as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Boil ? teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 5 min & drink x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Expectorant

      Soak root in cold water & drink water.

    • Cardiovascular Hypotensive

      1. Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups /day.
      2. Grind roots & eat x1 teaspoon /day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

Stomach acidity (ID: 3222)

All Complaints for this Species

    • Smoking Cigarette

      Add powdered root to tobacco.

    • Respiratory Anti-Infective, Anti-tussive, Demulcent

      1. Soak root in water for few days, filter & drink x3 glasses/day. (Z)
      2. Soak root in water + carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua) & drink the water. (Z)
      3. Prepare from root a thick juice or jam (+ other fruits) & drink or suck. (Z)
      4. Cough only: Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. (B) Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.).

    • Respiratory Anti-asthmatic

      Boil x3 tablespoons dried roots in 3 cups water for 5 mins & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Anti-gum disease

      1. Simmer 200 gm roots in 1 L of water for 20 min, leave 15 min, filter & drink as needed.
      2. Use above as mouth rinse x2/day. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Lubricant

      Simmer 200 gm leaves in 1L water for 20 min, stand 15 min, filter & apply to cracked lips x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Oral Health Mouth wash

      Chew root after eating.

    • Nervous System Analgesic

      Soak root in water for few days & drink as needed.

    • Musculoskeletal/ Joints Analgesic, Anti-arthritic, Anti-inflammatory

      Grind ? teaspoon of roots, boil in water & drink 1 cup x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-Infective

      Boil ground roots in water & drink 1 cup x 2-3/day. Can add equal quantity of fennel. Do Not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Deobstruent

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups/day.

    • Kidney & Urinary Tract Anti-lithic

      Decoct ground roots & drink x1 cup/day as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose. (See CAUTIONS.)

    • General Anti-inflammatory

      Soak root in water for few days & drink x4 glasses /day.

    • Gastrointestinal Antacid

      1. Chew root.
      2. Suck candy made from root.

    • Gastrointestinal Carminative

      Cook root in water & eat.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      Use root. Can also add aloe & "sanamakki" (Senna alexandrina). (Preparation/ Admin. not specified.)

    • Gastrointestinal Hepatic

      Boil 1 teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 10 min, drink x2/day for 3 days. Do NOT exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS)

    • Gastrointestinal Emetic

      Prepare concentrated extract from root & rhizome & drink.

    • Gastrointestinal Laxative

      1. Boil 40 gm roots in water + 40 gm sulfur + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), sweeten + sugar & drink x1 tablespoon evenings as needed.
      2. Boil 40gm roots in water + 40 gm senna (Senna alexandrina), filter, sweeten + sugar & drink 1 teaspoon/day as needed.
      3. Soak stems in hot water, filter, sweeten + sugar & drink x1 cup/day as needed.
      4. Mix equal amounts of licorice seeds + seeds of senna (Senna alexandrina), anise (Anisum vulgare ), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); add x1 teaspoon of mixture to 1 cup boiling water & drink multiple doses as needed. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS).

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Anti-Infective, Demulcent

      Boil ? teaspoon ground roots in 1 cup water for 5 min & drink x2/day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)

    • Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) Expectorant

      Soak root in cold water & drink water.

    • Cardiovascular Hypotensive

      1. Decoct ground roots & drink x1-2 cups /day.
      2. Grind roots & eat x1 teaspoon /day. Do not exceed suggested dose (See CAUTIONS.)